Table of Contents
What molecule is reduced as a result of the Calvin cycle quizlet?
In the Calvin cycle, the ATP made in the light reaction provides the energy and the NADPH provides the reducing power needed to make sugar from carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide is reduced into G3P. Note that glucose is not the product of the Calvin cycle.
What molecule is reduced as a result of the Calvin cycle?
Figure 5.15 The Calvin cycle has three stages. In stage 1, the enzyme RuBisCO incorporates carbon dioxide into an organic molecule. In stage 2, the organic molecule is reduced. In stage 3, RuBP, the molecule that starts the cycle, is regenerated so that the cycle can continue.
Which of the following is a correct description of the sequence of events in cellular respiration?
The correct answer is (b) glycolysis, preparatory reaction, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain.
What causes a molecule that binds to ATP synthase and blocks its action to be lethal to plants quizlet?
Why is a molecule that binds to and blocks the action of ATP synthase lethal to plants? The ATP produced by ATP synthase powers the Calvin cycle, the ultimate source of all organic molecules made by the plant. ATP synthase complexes would not work.
What happens to the PGA molecule when it is reduced in the Calvin cycle?
Stage 2: Reduction ATP and NADPH are used to convert the six molecules of 3-PGA into six molecules of a chemical called glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). This is a reduction reaction because it involves the gain of electrons by 3-PGA. Recall that a reduction is the gain of an electron by an atom or molecule.
Where is CO2 reduced during the Calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle has three stages. In stage 1, the enzyme RuBisCO incorporates carbon dioxide into an organic molecule. In stage 2, the organic molecule is reduced. In stage 3, RuBP, the molecule that starts the cycle, is regenerated so that the cycle can continue.
What happens to CO2 in the Calvin cycle?
The reactions of the Calvin cycle add carbon (from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) to a simple five-carbon molecule called RuBP. These reactions use chemical energy from NADPH and ATP that were produced in the light reactions. The final product of the Calvin cycle is glucose.
What happens during the reduction stage of the Calvin cycle light independent reactions?
Stage 2: Reduction ATP and NADPH are used to convert the six molecules of 3-PGA into six molecules of a chemical called glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). That is a reduction reaction because it involves the gain of electrons by 3-PGA. Recall that a reduction is the gain of an electron by an atom or molecule.
What happens during Calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle is a process that plants and algae use to turn carbon dioxide from the air into sugar, the food autotrophs need to grow. The Calvin cycle has four main steps: carbon fixation, reduction phase, carbohydrate formation, and regeneration phase.
Which of the following is the correct sequence acetyl CoA formation?
The correct answer is c. glycolysis, formation of acetyl CoA, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain. Glycolysis converts glucose (six carbons).
Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages in glycolysis?
glucose priming, cleavage and rearrangement, oxidation, ATP generation. glucose priming, oxidation, cleavage and rearrangement, ATP generation. cleavage and rearrangement, glucose priming, ATP generation, oxidation.
Which of the following is the correct sequence glycolysis?
G 6-P→ PEP→3-PGA→3-PGAL.
What makes the phosphate bonds easy to break?
It is often stated that the phosphate bonds in ATP are “high energy,” but in fact, they are not notably high in energy. Rather, they are easy to break, and the ∆G of hydrolysis is a “useful” quantity of energy. What makes the phosphate bonds easy to break? The negative charges on the phosphate groups repel each other.
What happens if thylakoid membranes are permeable to hydrogen ions?
If the thylakoid membrane was highly permeable to hydrogen ions, then the electron transfer chain would not be able to produce a hydrogen ion gradient across the membrane. Hydrogen ions would not flow through ATP synthase, and ATP synthesis would cease.
What would happen if the molecule RuBP no longer worked in a plant?
What would happen if the molecule RuBP no longer functioned in a plant? The plant could no longer absorb light. D. Carbon dioxide fixation would stop.
What molecule does the PGA molecule turn into during this phase of the Calvin cycle?
The PGA molecule loses an oxygen atom as it turns into PGAL.
What happens to the remaining G3P molecules in the last step of the dark reactions?
What happens to the remaining G3P molecules in the last step of the dark reactions? They are used to make glucose. They are reshuffled to make CO2 by adding ATP.
How is PGA and Pgal different?
The resulting 6-carbon compound breaks down into two molecules of 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA). The PGA molecules are further phosphorylated (by ATP) and are reduced (by NADPH) to form phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL). Phosphoglyceraldehyde serves as the starting material for the synthesis of glucose and fructose.
Where does Calvin cycle reduction occur?
Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts).
Where is co2 reduced in photosynthesis?
The photo part of photosynthesis involves the oxidation of the oxygen from water. Each O atom loses two electrons, so the oxygen in water is oxidized. Here, the NADH gives up its electrons and reduces the carbon in carbon dioxide.
Which molecules are needed for the reduction of 3PG to G3P?
Energy from ATP and NADPH reduce the 3PG molecules to form another 3 carbon compound, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P).
Is CO2 required in the Calvin cycle?
ATP is the energy source, while NADPH is the reducing agent that adds high-energy electrons to form sugar. The Calvin cycle actually produces a three-carbon sugar glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). For the Calvin cycle to synthesize one molecule of sugar (G3P), three molecules of CO2 Must enter the cycle.
What happens after the Calvin cycle?
After six turns of the Calvin cycle, two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate can be combined to make a glucose molecule. This means that to produce a single molecule of glucose, 18 ATP and 12 NADPH are consumed.
How many carbon atoms would a molecule have which after accepting CO2?
How many carbon atoms would a molecule have which after accepting (fixing) CO2, would have 3 carbons (of PGA)? The studies very unexpectedly showed that the accepter molecule was a 5-carbon ketose sugar – it was ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).
