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osmium (Os), chemical element, one of the platinum metals of Groups 8–10 (VIIIb), Periods 5 and 6, of the periodic table and the densest naturally occurring element. A gray-white metal, osmium is very hard, brittle, and difficult to work, even at high temperatures.
What family is osmium in?
Osmium is an element in Group 8 (VIIIB) of the periodic table. The periodic table is a chart showing how chemical elements are related to one another. Osmium is also a member of the platinum family. This family consists of five other elements: ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, indium, and platinum.
What is the classification of osmium?
Data Zone Classification: Osmium is a transition metal Color: bluish-white Atomic weight: 190.2 State: solid Melting point: 3030 o C, 3303 K.
Is osmium a rare metal?
Osmium is rare and has some distinctive properties that make it a fascinating element. It is plopped in the middle of the periodic table and has some mighty strange neighbors, some of which don’t really exist (1). But it also has some valuable neighbors – palladium, silver, platinum, and gold (Figure 1).
Is magnesium a metal or nonmetal or metalloid?
Magnesium (Mg), chemical element, one of the alkaline-earth metals of Group 2 (IIa) of the periodic table, and the lightest structural metal.
Is osmium harder than diamond?
Researchers from us-based Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (llnl) have discovered that osmium, a metal, is harder than diamond. It withstands compression better than any other material. Osmium powder and argon were placed in the hole and subjected to very high pressure of 600,000 atmospheres.
Is osmium stronger than tungsten?
After only a few years, osmium was replaced by the more stable metal tungsten. Tungsten has the highest melting point among all metals, and its use in light bulbs increases the luminous efficacy and life of incandescent lamps. The only known clinical use of osmium is synovectomy in arthritic patients in Scandinavia.
What is the symbol of Osmium?
Os
Where is Osmium most commonly found?
Sources of osmium The element occurs in the mineral iridosule and in platinum-bearing river sands in the Urals, North America and South America. While there is little osmium in these products, it can be easily obtained from processed nickel ores.
Is Osmium expensive?
Osmium is still not as expensive as Gold, being around $400 USD per ounce compared $1,300 USD per ounce. This is partly because it has very few commercial applications.
Why is osmium so expensive?
Osmium tetroxide is expensive because osmium is a rare element. Osmium is one of the rarest elements in the Earth’s crust. Osmium is obtained as a by-product from nickel and copper processing. The US production of Os is probably only about 75 kg/year.
Is osmium toxic to humans?
Health effects of osmium Osmium tetroxide, OsO4, is highly toxic. Concentrations in air as low as 10–7 g m–3 can cause lung congestion, skin damage, and severe eye damage.
Which is the most hardest metal in the world?
The Hardest Metals in the World Tungsten (1960–2450 MPa) Tungsten is one of the hardest metals you will find in nature. Iridium (1670 MPa) Steel. Osmium (3920–4000 MPa) Chromium (687-6500 MPa) Titanium (716 to 2770 MPa).
Is PA a metal or nonmetal?
Protactinium (formerly protoactinium) is a chemical element with the symbol Pa and atomic number 91. It is a dense, silvery-gray actinide metal which readily reacts with oxygen, water vapor and inorganic acids.
Is magnesium flammable?
The metal can be mixed with other metals, particularly aluminum, for use in making car bodies, drink cans and other items that need to be light and strong. Magnesium is flammable, so one of its main uses is for flares and fireworks. During World War II, the element was even used to make incendiary bombs.
Is magnesium a heavy metal?
Some of these heavy metals such as copper, cobalt, iron, nickel, magnesium, molybdenum, chromium, selenium, manganese and zinc have functional roles which are essential for various diverse physiological and biochemical activities in the body.
What is the strongest thing on earth?
The World’s Strongest Stuff Diamond. Unmatched in its ability to resist being scratched, this much-loved gemstone ranks the highest in terms of hardness. Graphene. Spider silk. Carbon/carbon composite. Silicon carbide. Nickel-based super-alloys.
Can you crush a diamond with a hammer?
As an example, you can scratch steel with a diamond, but you can easily shatter a diamond with a hammer. The diamond is hard, the hammer is strong. Whether something is hard or strong depends on its internal structure. Diamonds, because of their lack of flexibility in the structure, are not actually very strong at all.
What is the hardest thing on earth?
(PhysOrg.com) — Currently, diamond is regarded to be the hardest known material in the world. But by considering large compressive pressures under indenters, scientists have calculated that a material called wurtzite boron nitride (w-BN) has a greater indentation strength than diamond.
Which is the strongest metal in the world?
In terms of tensile strength, tungsten is the strongest out of any natural metal (142,000 psi).
What is the hardest and strongest metal in the world?
Tungsten: The Strongest Metal on Earth Of all the metals, tungsten reigns supreme in terms of tensile strength. Coming in at an ultimate strength of 1510 Megapascals, tungsten is one of the toughest metals known to man.
What is the hardest thing to melt?
Tungsten is known as one of the toughest things found in nature. It is super dense and almost impossible to melt. Pure tungsten is a silver-white metal and when made into a fine powder can be combustible and can spontaneously ignite.
What is osmium used for today?
Osmium has only a few uses. It is used to produce very hard alloys for fountain pen tips, instrument pivots, needles and electrical contacts. It is also used in the chemical industry as a catalyst.
Why is osmium the densest element?
Why Osmium Is Densest When Heavier Elements Exist Osmium (and iridium) have a very small atomic radius, so the mass is packed into a small volume. The electrons orbit the atomic nucleus so fast their apparent mass increases and the s orbital radius decreases.
How do I get osmium?
Osmium is a Metal Commodity. It cannot be purchased from Commodities Markets, and must be mined from asteroids in metallic or metal-rich Planetary Ring Systems.
Does osmium shatter?
Pure osmium is a very hard, lustrous (shiny), bluish-white or silvery metal. Osmium is also very brittle, which means that it will shatter into small pieces. Of all the metals in the platinum group, osmium has the highest melting temperature.
Which metal has the least density?
Under standard conditions, lithium is the lightest metal and the least dense solid element. It is a soft, silver-white metal belonging to the alkali metal group of chemical elements.
