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What do we mean by retraction?
The Oxford English Dictionary (2018) defines retraction as “the action or fact of revoking or rescinding a decision, decree, etc.” A more thorough definition is, “the action of withdrawing a statement, accusation, etc., which is now admitted to be erroneous or unjustifiedNov 15, 2021.
What was the main reason of the retraction?
The causes of retraction were classified as: data management, authorship issues, plagiarism, unethical research, journal issues, review process, conflict of interest, other causes, and unknown reasons. Then, misbehaviour was classified as misconduct, suspicion of misconduct or no misconduct suspicion.
What does retraction mean in anatomy?
Retraction is the opposite motion, with the scapula being pulled posteriorly and medially, toward the vertebral column. For the mandible, protraction occurs when the lower jaw is pushed forward, to stick out the chin, while retraction pulls the lower jaw backward.
What is retraction in your own words?
Retraction is defined as formally taking back something which was said or done. When a newspaper prints something incorrect and later takes back what they said and publishes an article saying they were wrong, this is an example of a retraction. noun. 7. The act of retracting or the state of being retracted.
What is an example of retract?
To retract is to withdraw something you said or did. When you made a statement and then realized you spoke in error and take back what you said, this is an example of a situation where you retract your statement.
How many papers get retracted?
The data confirm that the absolute number of retractions has risen over the past few decades, from fewer than 100 annually before 2000 to nearly 1000 in 2014. But retractions remain relatively rare: Only about four of every 10,000 papers are now retracted.
What happens if your paper is retracted?
How Retraction Affects Authors. The retraction of a paper involves a formal withdrawal of an already published article. This is a serious action and the last resort for dealing with misconduct. Before doing this, the journal adopts other measures to resolve the identified issues.
What is the main issues of retraction?
What are the most common reasons for retraction? Honest error Misconduct Redundant publication (discovery that some aspects have already been published) Lack of adherence to ethical protocols Disputes over authorship attribution Duplicate submissions (to different journals at the same time).
What is rotation in the body?
Rotation refers to movements made about the longitudinal axis and in the transverse plane. Internal rotation is rotating a joint towards the midline and external rotation is rotating a joint away from the midline.
What is an example of retraction in anatomy?
An example of retraction is moving the jaw bones backwards (e.g. as if grinding teeth).
Do you think Jose Rizal made a retraction?
According to Father Balaguer, Rizal received and accepted the shorter retraction. It is stated that he was able to convince Rizal to accept the Catholic Church because, if he did not accept it, God will condemn him. Father Balaguer also added that Rizal retracted because he wanted to marry Josephine Bracken.
What is a Chaffe?
English Language Learners Definition of chafe : to become irritated or annoyed : to feel impatient. : to cause soreness or damage by rubbing against something (such as your skin) : to become sore or damaged from rubbing.
What is another word for retract?
Some common synonyms of retract are abjure, forswear, recant, and renounce.
Are retractions bad?
Retractions in Academic Journals One or more retractions can be deadly for a researcher’s career, and are generally not good for all involved, including the journal, the editors, the peer-review system, and the research institutions.
Who runs retraction?
The website Retraction Watch is run by Ivan Oransky, the executive editor of Reuters Health, and Adam Marcus, managing editor of Anesthesiology News. It not only finds retractions but goes to the people involved and gets them to explain what was so screwed up about the research that it had to be entirely recanted.
What are the 3 types of research misconduct?
In accordance with U.S. federal policy, there are three forms of research misconduct: plagiarism, fabrication, and falsification.
Why would a study be retracted?
Causes for Retraction Intentional academic misconduct: Simultaneous submissions to multiple journals, conflicts of interest, fabrication or manipulation of data, failure to comply with research protocols, plagiarism, or salami slicing.
When should you retract a paper?
Retraction is a mechanism for correcting the literature and alerting readers to publications that contain such seriously flawed or erroneous data that their findings and conclusions cannot be relied upon. Unreliable data may result from honest error or from research misconduct.
How do you describe retractions?
Retractions are a sign that someone is working hard to breathe. The areas below the ribs, between the ribs, and in the neck sink in with each attempt to inhale. Normally, when you take a breath, your diaphragm and the muscles around your ribs create a vacuum that pulls air into your lungs.
What does retraction mean in medical terms?
A retraction is a medical term for when the area between the ribs and in the neck sinks in when a person with asthma attempts to inhale. Retractions are a sign someone is working hard to breathe. But if a person is having trouble breathing, extra muscles kick into action.
What is Rotation short answer?
“Rotation” refers to an object’s spinning motion about its own axis. For example, Earth rotates on its own axis, producing the 24-hour day. Earth revolves about the Sun, producing the 365-day year.
What is called Rotation?
Rotation describes the circular motion of an object around its center. There are different ways things can rotate. 6 – 12+ Astronomy, Geography.
What is Rotation exercise?
Rotation is your body’s way to create horizontal force from a standing position. You start perpendicular to your target, then drive through your legs and rotate your torso before finally releasing the ball. Your lower body generates the majority of the power, and your core helps to transfer it to your upper body.
